Oliveira et al. aimed to identify the risk factors for death from COVID-19 in patients younger than 20 years in Brazil. Clinical data were used from a national influenza surveillance database for all patients who received a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test between February 16, 2020 to January 9, 2021. Out of the 11,613 patients that were sampled, 10,041 were discharged and 886 died in the hospital. The probability of discharge increased from 54.1% to 78.4% to 92.0% in the first 10 days, the first 20 days, and at the end of follow-up, respectively. The probability of death also increased from 4.8% to 6.7% to 8.1% at those time points. Infants under two had increased risk of death compared to children aged 2-11 (hazard ratio 2.36, 95% CI 1.94-2.88). Indigenous ethnicity was also associated with higher risk of death compared to White ethnicity (HR 3.36, 95% CI 2.15-5.24). Finally, risk of death was also increasingly higher for children with one to three comorbidities compared to those with none. Findings highlight the role of poverty, low access to healthcare and comorbidities on disparities in COVID-19 outcomes in Brazil.